CNC Plasma Cutting and Engraving Table Build (Alpha Wolf Prototype)
After buiding my first low cost CNC (computer numerical control) plasma cutting table and using it to cut out thousands of great parts, i decided it was time for an upgrade. I wanted higher accuracy, easier maintenance, a plate marking scribe attachment, ability for other attachments, ventilation, Industrial quality and a good looking machine. I was not interested in purchasing one, as I thought cost vs quality and features, i could do much better and it would be fun as well. The table started as pencil drawings and research in December of 2013, with many hours of nitpicking of different designs and their flaws, advantages of others and countless rough sketches of ideas. Then started some CAD drawing of my ideas that were changed before they were made, and some after i made a prototype and found things I wanted to improve. This was all done after normal work hours and on the weekends and it became a functioning table the middle of 2014 with a few minor tweaks to be made. I am very satisfied with the machine, enough so, that i may put together a "Kit" that would allow others to own an Industrial quality USA made machine at a reasonable price.
1 The old CNC Plasma table cutting prototype parts for the new table. Making its own replacement. :)
2 1st protype for "Real Life 3D modeling" :) Also a 2x4 wooden stepper motor and a random spring to assist in locating things.
3 1st protype for "Real Life 3D modeling" :) Also a 2x4 wooden stepper motor and a random spring to assist in locating things.
4 1st protype for "Real Life 3D modeling" :) Also a 2x4 wooden stepper motor and a random spring to assist in locating things.
5 1st protype for "Real Life 3D modeling" :) Also a 2x4 wooden stepper motor and a random spring to assist in locating things.
6 Some misc notes on gearing, rpms and IPM speeds to find ideal combination.
7 2nd Prototype still with nice spring and cardboard box for Gantry tube. This type of hands on visualization helps me get were i want to go.
8 2nd Prototype still with nice spring and cardboard box for Gantry tube. This type of hands on visualization helps me get were i want to go.
9 2nd Proto stuck on an unfinished rail for more positioning and contemplation.
10 2nd Proto stuck on an unfinished rail for more positioning and contemplation.
11 Tacking together the perimeter frame for the rails with a temporary X Brace that will be removed after welding.
12 Lined up while clamping and measuring a dozen times. Then tacked into place.
13 2nd Proto stuck on the rail with a plethora of notes written on it for changes or concerns.
14 2nd Proto stuck on the rail with a plethora of notes written on it for changes or concerns.
15 3rd Prototype (maybe final version) of the Bearing Carraige ends using a method of slots and tabs to allign everything easily for welding. Important hole locations were marked on the table and then drilled.
16 Assembled the slot and tab pieces together, clamped, verified square, tacked together and then TIG welded together.
17 A method of aligning and clamping the bearing pockets was made.
18 TIG welded them on.
19 TIG welded them on.
20 Turning the eccentric adjusters for the bearing carraiges.
21 Turning the eccentric adjusters for the bearing carraiges.
22 3rd Version made, Eccentric adjusters done, and assembled with spring washers, bushings and shoulder bolt pivot. (later the pivot gets a beafier bushing socket)
23 Bearings, adjusters, spacers, bolts and nuts to install on the cairrage. On final assembly after painting, and improper bolts were changed out.
24 2 Cairrages set on the perimeter frame and temporarily held together while waiting for the main gantry tube to arrive.
25 2 Cairrages set on the perimeter frame and temporarily held together while waiting for the main gantry tube to arrive.
26 Getting ready to work on machining the rails for the bearings to ride on.
27 Holes drilled in perimeter frame tube allowing for adjustment.
28 Holes drilled and couterbored in the rails. Gear rack temporarily bolted on until proper bolts arrive.
29 The main Gantry tube finally arrived and is put into place with some clamps for positioning.
30 The main Gantry tube finally arrived and is put into place with some clamps for positioning.
31 Machined flats on the gear driveshafts for the spur gears and timing pulleys.
32 Main Gantry tube bolted into place in a fashion that it can be easily adjusted and no worries for welding warpage. Also getting a grasp of X axis rail mounting.
33 You can see gear rack mounting and spring loaded spur gear contact on the bottom side.
34 You can see gear rack mounting and spring loaded spur gear contact on the bottom side.
35 You can see gear rack mounting and spring loaded spur gear contact on the bottom side.
36 A video showing and explaining the accuracy and repeatability of the table.
37 After more thinking, designing and drawing, we have more parts for the X and Z axis.
38 Roughly clamped together, there were a few minor details to address.
39 Roughly clamped together, there were a few minor details to address.
40 Roughly clamped together, there were a few minor details to address.
41 Now the X/Z assembly is welded together and back in place. Also the X axis gear rack is installed.
42 Now the X/Z assembly is welded together and back in place. The pivot point later gets a proper shoulder bolt and machined pivot. Also the X axis gear rack is installed.
43 After assembling the linear rails and Z axis Aluminum plate, we needed to machine some clearance for the ballnut assembly.
44 After assembling the linear rails and Z axis Aluminum plate, we needed to machine some clearance for the ballnut assembly.
45 Z axis plate reinstalled with Linear rails and Ballscrew.
46 Z axis plate reinstalled with Linear rails and Ballscrew.
47 Z axis plate extended fully.
48 Z axis drive showing the Ballscrew, radial and thrust bearings and motor coupler.
49 Time for a movement test!
50 Testing the X and Y movement and showing the X axis from the rear.
51 Mahining the stop blocks for the end of the rails.
52 Making the leg adjuster and welding the caps on the legs.
53 The cable carrier track came in and a bracket was made to hold it and route the wires. Rail end stops also installed.
54 Another test of the X and Y axis after installing the cable carrier and finishing a few things.
55 Installing the Homing and Limit switches.
56 Main Gantry tube trimmed and painted.
57 Parts painted and going back together.
58 Starting the machining of the magnetic breakaway torch mount.
59 Machining the torch mount part 1
60 Machining the torch mount part 2
61 Machining the torch mount part 3
62 Slit made and clamping knob installed.
63 Cut off of the stock, faced it off and now drilling holes for the threaded alignment pins.
64 Torch mount looking good!
65 Torch mount showing the pocket for the microswitch on the bottom side.
66 Using a slitting saw to seperate the halves.
67 Halves faced off and then pockets machined for the neodymium magnets.
68 Sucked together by the magnets.
69 You can see that the magnets hold it together and the pins keep it aligned properly. There are removal holes behind the magnet pockets as well.
70 Microswitch installed.
71 The mill was brokedown with a belt on order, but progress needed to continue. For this Z axis stop block, accuracy was not an issue. Do NOT try this method at home. ;)
72 Z axis stop block going in to limit the Z max travel.
73 Z axis stop block going in to limit the Z max travel.
74 Z axis stop block going in to limit the Z max travel.
75 Z axis stop block going in to limit the Z max travel.
76 Torch mount installed with spring loaded "floating head" feature and homing switch all wired up with a plug.
77 Torch mount installed with spring loaded "floating head" feature and homing switch all wired up with a plug.
78 Torch mount installed with spring loaded "floating head" feature and homing switch all wired up with a plug.
79 Showing the seperated torch mount again.
80 Back on the machine.
81 Quick little wiring plug worked pretty slick.
82 Table now has legs and turned into a workbench for itself. X axis rail still awaiting full rail.
83 Working on making the bracket to mount the air solenoid, 2 regulators and oiler to drive the air cylinder and air scribe for the marking/centerpunching/engraving feature.
84 Working on making the bracket to mount the air solenoid, 2 regulators and oiler to drive the air cylinder and air scribe for the marking/centerpunching/engraving feature.
85 Machining some small parts for the scribe slide and air cylinder mounts.
86 Machining some small parts for the scribe slide and air cylinder mounts.
87 Checking fitmentment.
88 Slide front plate machined and faced off.
89 Put together to check fit and limits before trimming plate and final mounting of cylinder.
90 Put together to check fit and limits before trimming plate and final mounting of cylinder.
91 Put together to check fit and limits before trimming plate and final mounting of cylinder.
92 Put together to check fit and limits before trimming plate and final mounting of cylinder.
93 Put together to check fit and limits before trimming plate and final mounting of cylinder.
94 Starting on the front table door/cover.
95 TIG welding it together after verifying squareness.
96 My shop helper was curious how progress was coming and what i was working on now.
97 Safety 1st!
98 Sheet installed on door and on the table. Also the second cable carrier and its trough are installed.
99 Sheet installed on door and on the table. Also the second cable carrier and its trough are installed.
100 Set screws were added on the rails to allow easy adjusting to get them level and parallel.
101 Set screws were added on the rails to allow easy adjusting to get them level and parallel.
102 Disassembled, painted and put back together with cutting slats.
103 Disassembled, painted and put back together with cutting slats.
104 Machining the upper Scribe and lower cylinder mounting clamp.
105 Machining the upper Scribe and lower cylinder mounting clamp.
106 Machining the upper Scribe and lower cylinder mounting clamp.
107 Gantry back on the table still awaiting the full X axis rail.
108 Gantry back on the table still awaiting the full X axis rail.
109 Upper Scribe and lower cylinder mounting clamp installed.
110 Upper Scribe and lower cylinder mounting clamp installed.
111 Showing how everything is made to fit together well in a compact area.
112 Rounding off the end of the lower scribe mount.
113 Lower scribe mount finished.
114 Installing the lower scribe mount.
115 Entire Z axis with scribe finally finished with torch cable clamp.
116 Entire Z axis with scribe finally finished with torch cable clamp.
117 Entire Z axis with scribe finally finished with torch cable clamp.
118 Getting closer and excited to use it!
119 Setting up some of the software in Mach 3 for the new table to make everything work.
120 Setting up some of the software in Mach 3 for the new table to make everything work.
121 Setting up some of the software in Mach 3 for the new table to make everything work. Not final settings, just something to test with.
122 Now it was time to play with the new scribe and experiment with different air pressures for the cylinder and speeds for the movement. Alot of fine tuning was done after this.
123 A non useful test part for fun with the scribe and plasma cutting.
124 The last little bit of engraving for the tables side cover.
125 Now since it is working, Ill use it to make a nice side cover for the table, complete with model and serial # 0001. :)
126 Painted up and installed.
127 Cant forget the made in USA decal!
128 Had to try it on some Granite just because.
129 Side panels installed and decal added.
130 Side panels installed and decal added.
131 Door closes to allow ventilation fan to suck out the smoke, and it swings open to retrieve parts and store cut sheet remains.
132 Another shot of all the workings at the end. Covers still need to be made for the motors.
133 Another shot of all the workings at the end. Covers still need to be made for the motors.
134 Another shot of all the workings at the end.
135 A backside view of the X axis with the stepper motor and air plumbing.
136 A brief overview of some aspects of the table while nearing completion and a test engraving and cut.
137 Ftting hinges for the motor covers.
138 Moving the old table out and the new table in.
139 Moving the old table out and the new table in. Full X axis rail finally finished.
140 New table finally situated, full X axis rail finished and motor covers completed.
141 Cutting some 16ga steel at 500 Inches Per Minute. Testing and seeing what capabilities we have.
142 Cutting a sheet of swingarm gussetts using the scribe for a bend line marker.
143 Cutting a sheet of swingarm gussetts using the scribe for a bend line marker.
144 Showing how the marking scribe can mark bend lines on parts before cutting them out, saving on secondary layout or setup time.
145 Cutting out some boxing plates with the ventilation installed.
146 Cutting out some boxing plates with the ventilation installed and new control box sitting on the computer desk. Pictures following will show the control box build.
147 Showing how well the ventilation is working while cutting 3/16" steel.
148 Old control box that was my old plasma table control, then added the benchtop mill to it also, and then added/upgraded it for the new table. It is too clustered, so its time for a cleaner larger box.
149 Using the scribe to make some labels and mark some locations to drill and tap for #6-32 screws and then cutout with the plasma cutter.
150 Back panel fresh off the table.
151 Back panel cleaned up and given a quick brushed finish.
152 Another labeled panel, this one is for the front lid were the Emergency stop, power switch, fuse and light and a handfull of 4 pole double throw switches go to switch between the plasma machine and mill using the same control box.
153 The relay board to fire the scribe, future router spindle, and/or whatever else i add.
154 Lots of soldering and wiring to be done.
155 More wiring, organizing and routing them as best as possible.
156 All the drives installed and box finished.
157 All the drives installed and box finished. It has a sound logic Breakout Board for talking to the computer wich goes through an ethernet smoothstepper instead of the parallel port. Power supply is a beefy 50 volt 16 amp unit that also supplies 12v and 5v for relays and control boards. Motor drivers are Gecko 203Vs on a massive heatsink with intake and exhaust fan.
158 Control boxed closed up and turned on. I also added a digital temp gauge to help monitor the average temp of the drives on the heatsink and a volts and ampmeter to keep tabs on the power supply. Not necessary but nice.
159 Control boxed closed up and turned on. I also added a digital temp gauge to help monitor the average temp of the drives on the heatsink and a volts and ampmeter to keep tabs on the power supply. Not necessary but nice.
160 Back panel with specs on the cooling fan plate, and extra connector slots with covers as well as a aux add on plate in case of any additions in the future.
161 Showing control box activity while the table is cutting.
162 I did a little tweaking and got the scribe fine tuned for speed and it is busy making some good looking aluminum trophies
163 I did a little tweaking and got the scribe fine tuned for speed and it is busy making some good looking aluminum trophies